赤芍黄芩配伍微波提取工艺研究

以乙醇溶液为溶剂,采用微波法提取赤芍黄芩配伍中的主要成分芍药苷和黄芩苷,用高效液相色谱法测定芍药苷和黄芩苷含量.采用正交设计和单因素试验考察了微波功率、进料泵频率、提取溶剂体积分数、料液此、浸泡时间等因素对有效成分提取率的影响.结果显示优化的提取工艺条件为原料提取前浸泡9h,微波提取功率36 kW,进料泵频率为9 Hz,体积分数50％的乙醇作为提取溶剂,料液比为1∶12(m∶V,g/mL),此时芍药苷和黄芩苷的提取率分别为1.84％和2.91％.优化的微波提取法所得有效成分提取率高于超声提取法和回流提取法.     

中药材板蓝根栽培技术及种植效益

介绍了中药材板蓝根的栽培技术,种植板蓝根经济效益好,每公顷可收益75180元。板蓝根的种植可增加农民收入,是一成本低、见效快的产业。     

心痛方对心肌缺血模型大鼠MPO 活性 及PS 表达的干预作用

目的探讨心痛方对心肌缺血大鼠模型心肌梗死面积及髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、P 选择素（PS）的干预作 用。方法80 只清洁级SD 大鼠,随机分成假手术组、模型组、心痛方组、欣康组,采用结扎法造成心肌缺血模型,NBT 染色法测心肌梗死面积,比色法检测MPO 活性,免疫组化法检测PS 的表达。结果1.模型组、心痛方组、欣康组心肌梗 死面积、MPO 活性及PS 表达均显著高于假手术组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;2.心肌梗死面积比较,心痛方组、欣康 组分别小于模型组（P<0.05）,差异均有统计学意义;3.MPO 活性比较,心痛方组、欣康组分别低于模型组（P<0.05）,而 心痛方组低于欣康组（P<0.05）,差异均有统计学意义;4.PS 表达比较,心痛方组、欣康组分别低于模型组（P<0.05）,差 异均有统计学意义。结论心痛方能缩小心肌梗死面积,抑制缺血心肌MPO 活性及PS 表达。在抑制MPO 活性方面心 痛方优于欣康。     

Ultra-performance liquid-chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry performing pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies of croomine,neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine alkaloids absorbed in the rat plasma after oral administration of Stemonae Radix

Stemonae Radix (Stemona tuberosa Lour, Bai Bu) is an important traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plant known for its antitussive activity. Croomine, neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine alkaloids of Stemonae Radix are major components responsible for antitussive action. In this work, plasma pharmacokinetic and biodistribution characteristics of the three alkaloids after oral administration of Stemonae Radix are investigated using a rapid and sensitive UPLC-Q-TOF–HDMS method. Mass spectrometry (MS) was performed on a Waters Micromass high-definition technology with an electrospray ionization source in positive ion mode, with excellent MS mass accuracy and enhanced MS data acquisition. Separation of main alkaloids was achieved on a Waters BEH C₁₈ column by linear gradient elution. Data were analyzed and estimated by compartmental methods and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated using WinNonlin Professional version 5.1. It was found that croomine, neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine had faster absorbed into the bloodstream, maintain the high plasma concentration, and pose a large AUC value. The biodistribution of neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine showed that the higher levels were in liver, and lung. Croomine was discovered in brain and showed that it could cross the blood–brain barrier, indicating that croomine plays an antitussive effect as acting on the central nervous system. Neotuberostemonine and tuberostemonine were not discovered in brain, demonstrating that they play an antitussive effect as peripheral antitussive. This work suggests that the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution based-UPLC-Q-TOF–HDMS can provide a reliable tools for screening bioactive components contributing to pharmacological effects of medicinal herbs.     

Comparative pharmacokinetic study of paeoniflorin and albiflorin after oral administration of Radix Paeoniae Rubra in normal rats and the acute cholestasis hepatitis rats

A comparative study was designed and conducted to compare the pharmacokinetic difference of paeoniflorin and albiflorin after oral administration of Radix Paeoniae Rubra to normal rats and the acute cholestasis hepatitis rats induced by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT). UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was employed to determine the level of paeoniflorin and albiflorin in rat plasma using geniposide as the internal standard (IS). Unpaired Student's t-test was used for the statistical comparison. The investigation showed that there were significant differences between the normal rats and the acute cholestasis hepatitis rat groups in calculated parameters, such as AUC(0-t), AUC(0-∞), T(max) and CLz/F. The results indicated that acute liver injury in rats could alter the pharmacokinetics of drug. Since patients are the final users of the drug, it is essential to investigate the pharmacokinetics of the drug in disease status. Therefore, we used normal rats and the acute cholestasis hepatitis rats to study pharmacokinetics of Radix Paeoniae Rubra with the purpose of examining the influence of disease on the metabolic course.     

板蓝根新品种定蓝2号选育报告

为了丰富板蓝根种质,促进板蓝根产业提质增效。采用单株选择法选育出了板蓝根新品种定蓝2号。2017 — 2019年在不同生态区进行的区域试验中, 定蓝2号鲜板蓝根折合平均产量12 787.5 kg/hm2,较对照品种定蓝1号增产5.8%。在2018 — 2019年进行的大田生产示范中,鲜板蓝根折合平均产量12 232.5 kg/hm2,较对照品种定蓝1号增产6.9%。定蓝2号特级品出成率平均22.9%,较对照品种定蓝1号提高4.0个百分点;一级品出成率平均为23.5%,较对照品种定蓝1号提高7.5个百分点。测定结果表明,定蓝2号内在质量优于2020版《中国药典》标准。定蓝2号霜霉病平均发病率为15.7%,较对照品种定蓝1号降低55.0%;病情指数为16.8,较对照品种定蓝1号降低34.1%。适宜在海拔1 800～2 300 m、年降水量400～550 mm有灌溉条件或者降水充足的地区种植。     

甘草提取物对酒精性肝损伤的防治作用研究

以酒精性肝损伤小鼠为动物模型,探讨甘草提取物对酒精性肝损伤的防治作用.将64只昆明系小白鼠随机分为8组,即正常对照组、治疗组（低、中、高剂量）、预防组（低、中、高剂量）、模型组.模型组以56度白酒16 mL/kg灌胃,预防组和治疗组在酒精灌胃的基础上分别采用低（4.8 g/kg）、中（9.6 g/kg）、高（16 g/kg）不同剂量甘草提取物灌胃,连续14 d,取血液和肝脏样品,测定肝组织谷草转氨酶（GOT）、谷丙转氨酶（GPT）及血清乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）含量,同时采用H.E染色对肝组织进行组织学观察.血样测定结果表明,与模型组比较,低剂量预防组和治疗组GOT降低均不明显,中、高剂量预防组和治疗组GOT降低显著（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）;低剂量治疗组（P＜0.05）和其他给药组（P＜0.01）均能显著降低GPT含量;中、高剂量治疗组（P＜0.05）和低、中剂量预防组（P＜0.05）与高剂量预防组（P＜0.01）均能显著提升ADH含量;组织学观察表明,与模型组比较,中、高剂量治疗组及预防组能有效缓解和恢复肝损伤组织结构.提示甘草提取物对酒精引起的肝损伤具有一定的保护和治疗作用.     

甘肃岷县不同海拔栽培当归多糖含量比较研究

目的：对甘肃岷县不同海拔区域栽培当归多糖含量进行测定,探索当归多糖含量与栽培区域海拔之间的关系。方法：加热回流提取当归多糖,苯酚-浓硫酸法比色,在490 nm处以紫外分光光度法测定其吸光度,对照标准曲线计算样品多糖含量。结果：当归多糖在2 300-2 900 m区域内随海拔升高含量逐渐增高,在海拔2 900-3 100 m区域内随海拔升高含量逐渐下降,其中2 600-2 900 m海拔区域栽培当归样品多糖含量明显高于其他海拔区域当归多糖含量。结论：本研究探讨了当归多糖含量随栽培区域海拔的变化规律,对当归最适栽培区域的选择具有一定参考价值。     

不同产地当归药材中阿魏酸含量比较研究

目的：考察不同产地当归药材中阿魏酸含量的差异。方法：采用高效液相色谱法对18批不同产地的当归药材中阿魏酸进行含量测定。结果：阿魏酸在0.24-3.12μg/mL范围内线性关系良好;平均加样回收率为100.7%,RSD 1.2%。不同产地当归药材中的阿魏酸含量差异较大,云南产最高,甘肃次之,四川较低,其中道地产区岷县处于中等水平。结论：以单一指标成分阿魏酸来评价当归药材质量不够全面,需要进一步研究多指标成分,以有效评价当归药材质量。     

脱毒太子参原种规范化高产栽培技术研究

脱毒太子参原种与太子参传统品种相比具有显著特征,体量小,根系发达,生长快,基本不携带病毒,病害轻,参体杂乱分布在培养基中,须洗参、分级种植.其种植方式与传统太子参栽培有所不同.对脱毒太子参原种规范化高产栽培技术进行了研究.